Temperature Measurements
NOAA data shows sea surface temperatures averaged 1.2°C above normal across tropical oceans this month. The Caribbean Sea registered temperatures 1.5°C above historical averages for May. Coral bleaching occurs when sustained temperatures 1°C above normal cause corals to expel symbiotic algae.
Ecological Impact
Surveys indicate bleaching affecting 70 percent of monitored reefs from Florida to Australia. The Great Barrier Reef shows moderate to severe bleaching across northern sections. Marine scientists note bleaching events now occur more frequently, giving reefs less recovery time between thermal stress periods.
Climate Connection
Researchers attribute elevated temperatures to combined effects of climate change and this year's strong El Niño pattern. Studies predict coral reefs could decline by 70-90 percent with 1.5°C global warming. Conservation efforts focus on identifying heat-resistant coral species for restoration projects.